Louis Pasteur was one of the greatest scientists spring cleaning checklist of all time. Pasteur made

Louis Pasteur was one of the greatest scientists spring cleaning checklist of all time. Pasteur made very important discoveries in biology and chemistry, spring cleaning checklist and the techniques spring cleaning checklist he developed helped greatly to develop medical science and the agricultural spring cleaning checklist and food industries. Pasteur was born in a small town in France during the year 1822. When he was a young man, Pasteur studied science at a university in the city of Paris. He soon did some excellent work in chemistry, and later began his famous study of germ s. Pasteur was one of the first scientists spring cleaning checklist to understand that many diseases could be caused by extremely small, invisible organisms. Only a few other scientists had believed this before Pasteur. He advised doctors to wash their hands thoroughly spring cleaning checklist before spring cleaning checklist treat ing patients.   Pasteur also demonstrated that life forms did not arise spontaneously . His research confirmed the idea, developed by previous spring cleaning checklist scientists, that a living organism would not appear unless other individuals of its kind were present.   One of Pasteur's most important spring cleaning checklist contributions spring cleaning checklist was a technique that has been named after him: pasteurization. Pasteurization kills the germs that are found in drinks such as milk or beer. Because of Pasteur's technique, people are no longer infected with diseases by drinking these liquids.   Just as important as pasteurization was a technique called immunization. Pasteur found that a person or animal could be made safe, or immune, from a disease, by injecting the person with some weakened germs that cause the disease. spring cleaning checklist The body can resist the disease after being immunized in this way. Today, many diseases are prevented by the use of this technique.   Pasteur's discoveries spring cleaning checklist also helped to save people who had already been infected with diseases. One such disease is rabies . Rabies is a disease that sometimes occurs in animals. This disease usually kills the animal, but before dying, the animal becomes very aggressive , and may spread the disease by biting a person or another animal.   One day, the parents of a young boy came to Pasteur. Their son had been bitten by a dog that had the rabies disease. The parents spring cleaning checklist knew that their son would die from the disease, unless something could be done to save him. Pasteur agreed to help the boy, and the immunization technique saved the boy's life.   Pasteur died in 1895. He was greatly admired around the world for his achievements, which have helped all of humankind. Today, Pasteur is considered to be the greatest figure in the history of medicine.   درس دو - روانشناسی
Are you interested in the behaviour of people and animals? If you are, then you might enjoy the study of psychology. spring cleaning checklist Psychology is the study of behaviour, but this is a very large area of study. There are several different branches of psychology, each of which studies a different aspect of behaviour.   Social psychologists study interaction s among people. For example, a social psychologist might try to learn about the situations that cause people to behave aggressively. Another question studied by social psychologists is why certain people become attracted to each other. One of the interesting problems in social psychology is conformity: what causes people to behave in the same way, and to follow what others do and say? Cognitive psychologists study thinking, memory, and language. One problem studied by cognitive spring cleaning checklist psychologists is how people remember numbers. For example, spring cleaning checklist what is the best way to memorize some numbers? spring cleaning checklist Is it better to repeat the numbers to oneself, or to try to attach some meaning to these numbers? A cognitive psychologist might also study language. For example, spring cleaning checklist why can young children learn a second language so quickly and easily? Cognitive spring cleaning checklist psychologists are also interested in the ways that people learn to solve problems, such as finding a new place.   Clinical psychologists study mental illnesses. For example, a clinical psychologist might try to find out the causes of depression and to figure spring cleaning checklist out ways of helping people who are depressed. Other clinical psychologists might study the behaviour of people who suffer from addiction to drugs, so that this problem can be prevented and treated. Another topic of interest to clinical psychologists spring cleaning checklist is violent behaviour. It is very important to find ways of preventing violence and to change the behaviour of persons who act violently.   Some psychologists are interested in the measurement of psychological characteristic s. For example, psychologists might develop tests to assess a person's intelligence, personality traits, or interests. These tests can be used to help people make decisions about education, occupation, and clinical treatment.   Psychologists who study the behaviour of animals are called ethologist s. Ethologists often go into wilderness areas to watch the activity of birds, fish, or other animals. These psychologists try to figure out why it is that some animals have " instinct s" for various behaviours s